By Fayol

1. Division of work: Reduces the span of attention or effort for any one person or group. Develops practice or routine and familiarity.
2. Authority: "The right to give orders. Should not be considered without reference to responsibility."
3. Discipline: "Outward marks of respect in accordance with formal or informal agreements between a firm and it's employees."
4. Unity of command: "One man one superior!"Every employee should receive orders from only one superior.
5. Unity of direction: "One head and One plan for a group of activities with the same objective."
6. Subordination of Individual Interests to the Common Interest: "The interests of one individual or group should not prevail over the general or common good."
7. Remuneration of personnel: "Pay should be fair to both the worker as well as the organization."
8. Centralisation: "Is always present to a greater or lesser extent, depending on the size of the company and the quality of its managers."
9. Scalar chain: "The line of authority from top to bottom of the organization."
10. Order: "A place for everything and everything in its right place; ie. the right man in the right place."
11. Equity: "A combination of kindness and justice towards employees."
12. Stability of personnel tenure: "Employees need to be given time to settle in to their jobs, even though this may be a lengthy period in the case of some managers."
13. Initiative: "Within the limits of authority and discipline, all levels of staff should be encouraged to show initiative."
14. Esprit de corps (Union is strength): "Harmony is a great strength to an organization; teamwork should be encouraged."